Monday, May 2, 2011

Shakespeare Defying Gender Roles

Until recently it was very uncommon to hear of a woman controlling a relationships let alone a marital relationship. Yet, somehow Shakespeare got away with this way before his time. Lady Macbeth is the quintessential "new woman" which doesn't come about until the end of the Victorian Era and even when this new woman does begin to come about in society it takes several decades until the term or idea is no longer considered taboo or to be a foreign concept. Shakespeare however, had realized the power of the female centuries before the modern/ new woman had even been thought up. Lady Macbeth is portrayed as a wife however, at the same time she happens to be the more masculine one in the relationship at least when it comes to the unsavory and cruel tasks of murdering the king and his guards. A woman's intuition is definitely what gives Lady Macbeth the knowledge that her husband is too weak to kill the king in order to advance his own career yet it his this masculine "willing to get dirty" in order to benefit oneselves mentality that gives Lady Macbeth the strength she needs to kill Duncan. While at the same time Macbeth himself is almost skirmish about killing the king; he is reluctant and when he finally gives in and is stabbing the king is cries out and yells. In traditional genders roles the woman is seen as the fragile, skirmish, nurturing and docile one who never wants to get her hands dirty while the male is seen as the provider and the one who is willing to do anything at any cost; the sacrificial one of the two. Even today it is more unheard for a woman to kill someone, you usually hear about men committing crimes and murdering people but hardly ever do you hear about a woman doing these things. A woman is suppose to the voice of reason to their unruly and rash counterparts but in this case Lady Macbeth is encouraging her husband to do the wrong thing.
LADY MACBETH
Give him tending.
He brings great news.


Exit SERVANT



30




35




40



The raven himself is hoarse
That croaks the fatal entrance of Duncan
Under my battlements. Come, you spirits
That tend on mortal thoughts, unsex me here,
And fill me from the crown to the toe top-full
Of direst cruelty. Make thick my blood.
Stop up the access and passage to remorse,
That no compunctious visitings of nature
Shake my fell purpose, nor keep peace between
The effect and it! Come to my woman’s breasts,
And take my milk for gall, you murd'ring ministers,
Wherever in your sightless substances
You wait on nature’s mischief. Come, thick night,
And pall thee in the dunnest smoke of hell,
That my keen knife see not the wound it makes,
Nor heaven peep through the blanket of the dark
To cry “Hold, hold!”

She is just as rash if not more rash and unbeliveable because when Macbeth begins to have doubts it is she who re-convinces him that killing the king is a good idea, she is also the one who comes up with the plan of how to kill the king. Women during this time period aren't supposed to be sneaky and manipulative. Having finished reading the play and knowing from the last time I read Macbeth it begs the question if the conclusion of Lady Macbeth at the end of the play is Shakespeare saying that women can try and act like men all they want but in the end they don't have the stomach for the consequences of their actions like a man might. Shakespeare is saying that women can't play with the big boys, they can try all they want but in the end they just won't be able to handle it.

4 comments:

estaats said...

I completely agree with you. I thought it was strange how she seemed to wear the pants in the relationship. Another example is when Macbeth thought he was seeing Banquo's ghost, lady Macbeth was making all kinds of excuses for him to their guests. Afterward, she proceeded to tell Macbeth to basically man up and step to the plate and deal with his responsibilities. Lady Macbeth's masculinity sure shined through in this play!

Anonymous said...

Alissa, it is an interesting point that you bring up, however in playing devil's advocate, I wonder if another way of analyzing Lady Macbeth's role would be to see her not as defying gender roles but as working within their constraints. While she states,"unsex me here," she is calling upon outward mystical forces to do so for her, knowing that any possible change in her will only be noticed by Macbeth in the confines of their relationship. By wanting Macbeth to maintain his power, she realizes how tied her power is to his, since she is unable to independently access that power herself. In a way, by characterizing Lady Macbeth as the driving force behind Macbeth's killing of Duncan, Shakespeare also portrays Lady Macbeth as a kind of "eve-like" character who leads her husband into evil, corrupting him as a kind of immoral temptress.

Cyrus Mulready said...

I'm enjoying the several posts this week on Lady Macbeth's power. It's true that Shakespeare gives us a deliciously manipulative and powerful female role in this play. I would only add that, for me at least, this isn't unique to this play, even in our course. Portia is a great female character, one whose money and smarts dictate the outcome of the play almost single-handedly. And Goneril and Regan, for me, are at least as conniving, and maybe even a little nastier, than Lady Macbeth. While we don't get such characters in the histories, Shakespeare does give us a range of interesting women in his plays--one of the reasons I think he remains relevant to us.

Mr. Chris said...

I like what you have to say a lot Alissa, but I disagree with some of the fundamentals of your argument. You characterize Lady Macbeth as acting outside of her gender by being so strong. I agree with Danielle in that I don't think, at first, her strength is opposed to typical female characteristics. As Prof. Mulready pointed out, demonizing women are littered throughout Shakespeare (Goneril and Regan). So then, I think we find two outlines for female characters and King Lear serves as a great example of this:

1. The sweet, loving girl. (Cordelia)
2. The evil, cold hearted bitch. (Goneril and Regan)

Lady Macbeth however, is neither of these things because:

1. She is definitely never loving.
2. She starts out cold hearted and evil, so this is where we lean, however, she never can completely fall into this category because her conscience drives her mad.

I think that Shakespeare can then be saying something along the lines of: women just can't win with us, the patriarchal society's readers. If woman don't act like Cordelia, there is no other way for us to like them, because being cutthroat just doesn't do it for us. Lady Macbeth and Macbeth are two strong characters who share similar rising and falling fates, however we traditionally feel that Lady Macbeth is more sinister.

This whole thing reminds me of the same issue we see today in the workplace: if a woman is nice and sweet, she is too weak. . .and if she brings the hammer down at all, she is a bitch (this is something that men do not have to deal with at all in the same exact situation).